Due to obvious geographical reasons maritime and transport law has always played an important role in the Scandinavian countries. Transports also form an essential part of the Scandinavian economy. As a consequence, Maritime and Transport Law has a long history as an established academic topic in the region. This volume reflects this tradition, as the authors of the thirteen articles that are presented are all prominent academics from different universities in Scandinavia where transport law is studied. In addition to the articles on maritime and transport law this volume also contains a presentation of the Bar associations in the Scandinavian countries Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.

July 2004.

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The Scandinavian countries have a long tradition of cooperation in the area of company law. Denmark, Finland and Sweden are members of the EU. Norway and Iceland are linked to the Union via the European Economic Area Agreement. As a consequence, all the Scandinavian countries have harmonized their legislation in accordance with the company law directives, which has brought important consequences for all these countries. Reflecting a broad spectrum of issues currently attracting interest in the Scandinavian countries, as well as in many other European countries which are in the process of adjusting their legislation to the EU standards, this volume of Sc.St.L. provides an important contribution to the international discussion.

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Several contributors share with the reader a wealth of practical experience concerning enforcement, tax reforms, and the ongoing internationalisation.

The Scandinavian countries all have comprehensive social welfare systems and huge public sectors – this has resulted in high standards for social security, but also in some of the world’s highest taxes. As a consequence, Scandinavian tax laws are frequently debated in the political arena. In this repsect, this collection also provides an interesting contribution to the international discourse.

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Labour law is no longer solely the concern of national legislators and social partners. International influences, especially from the European Community, are important. Further, this volume covers several topics such as equal treatment, employee privacy and temporary-work agencies that would not have been regarded as relevant some thirty years ago.

A majority of the contributions were presented at a conference held in Stockholm 2002.

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Environmental concerns and new ways of looking at the tobacco industry are just a couple of examples of the latter. Important to mention is furthermore that the issues relating to tort and liability provide compelling challenges for anyone interested in theoretical legal problems.

The 23 articles that are presented here reflect to a large extent all the above mentioned aspects and provide an important contribution to the international discussion.

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Recent illustrations of this development are provided by the debate about the possibilities of protecting DNA sequences, the increasing awareness of the social impact of granting patents for various medical solutions, and the growing use of the Internet as a medium for transmitting music files. The legal framework covering these issues is multifaceted. It is also noticeable the field is constantly undergoing changes, as various interests are being articulated and challenged. Reflecting several of these aspects this issue of Sc.St.L. provides an overview of many of the issues currently debated in the international arena. The volume also contains a cumulative index for Volumes 1-41 of the series.

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The articles have been arranged under the subheadings On the Nature of Law, On Legal Concepts and Legal Principles, On Legal Reasoning, Legal Rules and the Development of the Legal System, and Perspectives on Legal Science. Taking into account the richness of the material it is the conviction of the editors that this volume provide interesting material for further discussions concerning legal theory also outside the Scandinavian countries.

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From this it naturally follows that the reception of European law and the interaction between European law and national law are topics of particular relevance to Scandinavian law at the present time. As a result of the Nordic participation in the EU and the general trend towards greater international cooperation there is clearly also a growing demand outside Scandinavia for information about Scandinavian law, legal thought and tradition. For comparative legal studies Scandinavian law has much to offer, and the editors hope that this volume will be an easily accessible source abridging the language barrier.

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Most of the articles in this volume were written between 1995 and 1999. Some of them have recently been published in the Scandinavian countries and have now been translated into English for the present series. Other contributions have originally been written in English.

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